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图4所示。股骨头加载和卸载区域的铁浓度。

图5所示。股骨头负重区和负重区铅的浓度。

讨论

研究结果表明:首先，人体关节软骨中微量元素的分布不均匀。即使在研究的初始阶段，即使在单个样品中也能观察到不同浓度的元素。最有趣的事实是，在股骨头关节软骨的空载区明显可见高浓度的调查元素。这一现象几乎涉及所有标本中所研究的所有元素。钙、锌、铁、铅的含量存在一定差异。所有这些不同的结果都在三个样本中得到了注意。对采集样本的受害者的病史进行分析，可以提出对这些异常的假设解释。其中一个观察到钙含量增加的标本来自最老的受害者(77。o)，这可以解释随着年龄的增长钙的沉积增多[3,4]。在一名年轻受害者(27岁)的尸体解剖中发现了晚期动脉硬化和脂肪肝，并观察到锌和铁的不同分布。这可能表明一般代谢紊乱对关节软骨的重要影响。 Fact that in majority cases deposit of investigated elements was higher in unloaded area of femoral head articular cartilage has a great importance and requires further investigation. Different distribution of Pb cannot be easily explained on the base of available medical data. As Pb is an element that in normal physiological circumstances is not present in human organism [5], its increased level can be a consequence of environmental pollutions. This thesis may be confirmed by the fact, that majority of victims came from a rural areas or small towns and the specimen where the higher concentration of Pb was observed comes from a victim from a great city. It is known from the literature that increased deposit of some elements in articular cartilage is observed in osteoarthritis and degeneration of joint [6]. From other site the degeneration disorders are much more often observed in weight bearing joints than in humero-scapular joint, which is a non-bearing one. Of course, the number of specimens is not big enough to conduct a statistic analysis and set up conclusions of statistic significance. This requires further investigation on a bigger number of specimens, which is planned for nearest future.

结论

人体关节软骨中微量元素的分布是一个复杂的现象，受多种生物、环境和力学因素的影响。机械负荷对人体关节软骨中微量元素分布的作用可能被低估。

工具书类

1. 黄志强(2001)关节软骨修复的基础科学与临床进展。对其现状和前景进行了综述。骨关节炎和软骨10: 432 - 463[Crossref]。
2. 关节软骨:结构、损伤与治疗回顾。英国医学公告87: 77-95(Crossref)．
3. Martin JA, Buckwalter JA(2002)衰老、关节软骨软骨细胞衰老和骨关节炎。Biogerontology 3: 257 - 264[Crossref]。
4. Niedzwiedzki T, Pawlikowski M, Brudnicki J, Palka E(1997)与椎间盘和关节突关节年龄相关的矿物学变化。Chir Narz Ruchu Ortop Pol62: 39-44.
5. Zoeger N, Roschger P, Hofstaetter JG(2006)关节软骨潮标中铅的积累。骨关节炎和软骨14: 906 - 913。
6. J. Sanchez-Adams, Leddy HA, McNulty AL, O’conor CJ, Guilak F(2014)关节软骨的力学生物学:骨关节炎的负担。咕咕叫Rheumatol代表16: 1-15.